Pyrolysis technology solves the problem of oily sludge treatment

 Oily sludge is a typical hazardous waste generated during oil extraction and refining. Traditional treatment methods have the risk of secondary pollution. Pyrolysis technology decomposes hydrocarbons in oily sludge into recyclable resources through anaerobic high-temperature cracking, achieving the dual goals of complete decomposition of pollutants and resource recovery.

The core of pyrolysis equipment to treat oily sludge lies in segmented temperature control and product regulation. In the low temperature section of 300-500℃, light oil is first volatilized and recovered as fuel oil through the condensation system; when it rises to the high temperature section of 500-800℃, heavy components (such as asphaltene and colloid) are deeply cracked into small molecular combustible gases (such as CH₄, H₂), and pathogens and organic pollutants are completely decomposed. The residue after pyrolysis can be safely used for building materials or landfill because the oil content is reduced to less than 0.1%7.

Differences in equipment design directly affect treatment efficiency. For example, the rotating bed pyrolysis furnace enhances the heat transfer efficiency by dynamically tumbling the material, significantly improving the pyrolysis gas yield (up to 27%) and calorific value (above 20MJ/m³); while the fixed bed equipment is more suitable for small-scale processing, but the airflow distribution needs to be optimized to avoid local coking78. In addition, the integrated gasification-pyrolysis system achieves energy self-sustaining and reduces external energy consumption by burning part of the cracking gas to provide heat for the reaction8.

The environmental advantage of this process is that it is fully closed, no dioxins are generated, and heavy metals are solidified in the residue, eliminating the risk of soil and groundwater pollution, providing key technical support for the green transformation of the oil industry.